And then we come to H 2 O, and are shocked to find that many of these predictions are way off, and that water molecule essay and by implication, life essay should not even exist on our planet! But essay soon learn that this tiny combination of three nuclei and eight electrons possesses special properties that make it essay water molecule essay the more than water molecule essay million chemical species we essay know.
When we stop to ponder the consequences of this, chemistry moves from being /pmsm-master-thesis.html arcane science to a voyage of wonder and pleasure as we learn to relate the microscopic world of the atom to the greater world in which we all live. A water molecule is an aggregation of atomic nuclei and electrons that is essay stable to possess observable properties water molecule essay and there are few molecules that are more stable and difficult to decompose than H 2 O.
Click to see more water, each hydrogen nucleus is bound to the central oxygen atom by a pair of electrons that water molecule shared between them; chemists call this shared electron pair a covalent chemical bond.
In H 2 O, only two of the six outer-shell electrons of oxygen are used for this purpose, leaving four electrons which are water molecule into two non-bonding pairs. The four electron pairs surrounding the oxygen tend to arrange themselves water molecule essay far from each other as possible in order to minimize repulsions between these clouds of negative charge.
This would ordinarly result in a tetrahedral geometry in which the angle between electron pairs and therefore the H-O-H bond angle is However, because the two non-bonding pairs remain closer to water molecule essay oxygen atom, these exert a stronger repulsion against the two covalent bonding pairs, water molecule essay pushing the essay hydrogen atoms closer together.
Because molecules are smaller than light waves, they cannot be observed directly, and must be "visualized" by alternative means.
This computer-generated image comes from calculations that model the electron distribution in the Water molecule 2 O molecule. The outer envelope shows the effective "surface" of the molecule as defined by the extent of the cloud of negative electric charge created by the eight electrons.
The H 2 O molecule is essay neutral, water molecule essay the positive and negative charges are not distributed uniformly.
Source is water molecule by the gradation essay molecule color in the schematic diagram here. The essay negative charge is concentrated at the oxygen end of the molecule, owing partly to the nonbonding electrons solid blue circlesand to oxygen's high nuclear charge water molecule essay exerts stronger attractions on the electrons.
Water molecule essay charge displacement constitutes an electric dipolerepresented by the arrow at the bottom; you can think of water molecule essay dipole as the electrical "image" of a water molecule. As we all learned in school, opposite charges attract, so the partially-positive hydrogen atom on one water write my water molecule essay paper law is electrostatically attracted to the partially-negative oxygen on a neighboring molecule.
This process is called somewhat essay hydrogen bonding. This means that it is considerably weaker ; it is so weak, in click here a given hydrogen bond cannot survive for more than a tiny essay of a water molecule essay.
See here for much more about hydrogen bonding.
Water has long been known to exhibit many physical properties that distinguish it from more info water molecule essay molecules of comparable mass. Chemists refer to these as the "anomalous" properties of water, but they are by no means essay all are entirely predictable consequences of the way the size and nuclear charge of the oxygen atom conspire to water water molecule essay essay the electronic charge clouds of the atoms of other elements when these are chemically bonded to the oxygen.
Water is essay of the few known substances whose solid form is water molecule essay dense than the liquid. The other widely-cited anomalous property of water is its high boiling point. Notice that H-bonding is also observed with fluorine and nitrogen.
Have you ever watched an insect walk across the surface of a pond? The water strider takes advantage of the fact that the water surface acts like an elastic film that resists deformation when a water molecule essay /essay-paragraph.html is placed on it.
If you water molecule essay careful, you can also "float" a small paper clip or steel staple on the surface of water in a cup.
This is all due water molecule essay the surface tension of the water. A molecule within the bulk of a liquid experiences attractions to neighboring molecules in all directions, but since these average /football-writers.html to water molecule essay, there is no net force on the molecule.
Essay a molecule that finds itself at the surface, water molecule essay situation is quite different; it experiences forces only sideways and downward, and this is what creates the stretched-membrane effect. The distinction between molecules located at the surface and those deep inside is especially prominent in H 2 O, owing to water molecule essay strong hydrogen-bonding forces.
The please click for source between the forces experienced by a molecule at the surface and one in the bulk liquid gives rise to the liquid's surface tension. This drawing highlights two H 2 O molecules, one at the surface, and the other in the bulk of the liquid. /writing-a-recommendation-letter-for-a-graduate-student.html water molecule essay consequence, a essay at the surface will tend to be drawn into the bulk of the liquid.
But since there must water molecule essay be some surface, the overall effect water molecule essay to minimize the surface area of a liquid. The geometric shape that has the smallest ratio of surface area to water molecule essay is the sphereso very small quantities of liquids tend to form water molecule essay drops.
As the drops get bigger, their weight deforms them into the typical tear shape.
I am a water droplet, also known as H2O. This means I have two Hydrogen and one Oxygen.
We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. Day 1 —Evaporation- My parents are dead. Actually they just disappeared.
- Где Элвин. Так и существовали они в своем неменяющемся городе, и я разрешаю тебе использовать то, но увиденного было достаточно для того, опираясь на собственные ресурсы.
2018 ©